Hands On System Design - Distributed Systems Implementation

Hands On System Design - Distributed Systems Implementation

Day 42: Mastering Exactly-Once Processing in Kafka

The Safety Net That Prevents Million-Dollar Mistakes : Week 6: Stream Processing with Kafka | 254-Day Hands-On System Design Series

Jun 22, 2025
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What We'll Build Today

  • Banking Transaction Processor - Handles transfers between accounts

  • Exactly-Once Consumer - Guarantees no duplicate processing

  • Transactional Producer - Atomic message sending with rollback

  • Real-Time Dashboard - Monitor transactions and account balances

  • Failure Recovery System - Handles crashes without data loss

End Result: Production-ready system processing financial transactions with zero duplicates, even during failures.


Picture this: Your banking application processes a $10,000 transfer, but a network glitch causes the consumer to restart mid-processing. Without proper safeguards, that transfer might execute twice, turning a routine transaction into a $20,000 mistake. This nightmare scenario is exactly why exactly-once processing semantics exist in distributed systems.

Today, we're implementing the bulletproof mechanisms that ensure each log entry gets processed exactly once - no more, no less. By lesson's end, you'll have built a system that handles network failures, consumer crashes, and broker restarts without duplicate processing.


Why Exactly-Once Processing Matters

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GitHub Link:

https://github.com/sysdr/course-p/tree/main/day42/day42-exactly-once-kafka
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